Même s’il existe une spécificité des modalités de prise en charge de certains patients (limites, par exemple) et notamment des adolescents, l’auteur insiste sur l’importance pour tout thérapeute analyste de se référer à un seul et mime modèle théorico-clinique et de posséder une connaissance du coeur de la discipline : le modèle de la névrose.
Une formation longue et approfondie en psychanalyse doit précéder toute spécialisation trop hâtive.
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Maxime De Sauma : l’espace de l’adolescence : de la nécessité d’une formation spécifique pour le traitement des patients adolescents
L’auteur, en prenant appui sur son expérience de psychanalyste au Brent Adolescent Centre, argumente sa conviction que le traitement des adolescents exige de la part des thérapeutes une connaissance et une formation particulières au regard de cette période spécifique de la vie qu’est l’adolescence.
Arnoldo Novelletto : analogies et différences entre l’analyse de l’enfant et l’analyse de l’adolescent
L’auteur aborde la question de la spécificité des traitements d’adolescents à travers un cas clinique : un enfant analysé demande à reprendre un traitement à l’adolescence. Cette demande est examinée surtout du point de vue de la dynamique du transfert et du contre-transfert, qui donne aux deux situations un caractère très différent. Le but de cet article est de contribuer au progrès de la psychanalyse de l’adolescent et de mettre en relief les analogies et les différences avec la psychanalyse de l’enfant.
Éric Toubiana : the truck jumping game
The « truck jumping game » is one of the most troubling scenes in Stanley Kubrick’s film A Clockwork Orange. The title of this film, which came out in the 1960’s, is itself intriguing. Today A Clockwork Orange is no less than what it was in 1969: a strangely modern reflection of a dystopia of humankind. Better yet, A Clockwork Orange turns out to be more relevant than ever. We see in it that psychical malaise which is uncontained and finds only the city streets in which to, not say, but show and act the impasses in which the subject is trapped.
The spectacle of this film, and more especially, one its scenes, « the truck jumping game » allows us to see that the notion of risk, from the Greek Rizikon, helps to widen even more the metapsychological analysis of the phenomenon of addiction. The Risk-taker, or the « riskers », would be those who best illustrate the Freudian definition of drive. This recovery of tension is, we argue here, worth much more than the assuaging of tension, at least for those subjects who place themselves in a position of dependence that is as harmful as it is indispensable to the maintenance of a vital homeostasis.
Adolescence, 2009, T. 27, n°2, pp. 487-495.
Christian Mille, Daniel Sibertin-Blanc, Thomas Henniaux : impact et impasses of « politics » in treatment facilities for suffering adolescents
The increasing occurrence in adolescents of behavior disorders, risky conducts, addictive appetence, depression, and suicidal gestures signals an entrance into the pathology of bonds and of dependence. Politicians are not blind and deaf to this issue and to what is at stake, which is vital to the future of all. They have been aware of it for more than twenty years, making adolescence a public health priority. New ideas have thus emerged, giving rise to new hopes and innovative initiatives, but also bringing difficulties and failures. The experience of a psychiatric ward for adolescents shows in an exemplary way the limits of « regulating » politics when it comes to the psychical care of adolescents in a « borderline » register. Administrative restrictions tied to outmoded regulations or to new recommendations supposed to promote good practices paradoxically hinder their working. One should not underestimate the defensive aspect of administrative tasks and discourse, like the clout of some currents of thought which denigrate the psychodynamic bases of « relational treatment ». The risk may be linked to the irresistible rise of the « technocratic model » which presents itself as a new utopia, ignoring its inscription within the « positivist » current of thought and the subtle use that can be made of this by the powers-that-be. However, the « psychists », through their direct interventions or their « interstitial practice » (Roussillon, 1991), must undoubtedly retain a decisive place in the care facility, which can not do without their vigilance regarding the « unthought » aspects of the structure, the ephemeral passions that run through it and the defensive strategies it resorts to.
Adolescence, 2009, T. 27, n°2, pp. 469-485
Bernard Golse : 4 years after inserm’s collaborative report on « conduct disorders »
Four years after the collaborative report from INSERM (National Institute of Health and Medical Research) on « Conduct Disorders », which led to turmoil among professionals and gave rise to the group « No conduct-0 », the current situation is far from reassuring. The general direction and research structures of INSERM have been renovated in a way unfavorable to Psychiatry, and its collaborative report on learning disorders did not show that INSERM had really integrated the necessity of rethinking the very structure of these collaborative assessments in the field of mental health. In addition, we are now witnessing a revival of the early detection of so-called « future delinquents » in day care centers, as well as a thorough attack against preschool and RASED (Networks of Specialized Help for Pupils in Difficulty). All this movement towards biologizing thought threatens the most vulnerable creates huge risks for the place of the human sciences in our culture and our universities.
Adolescence, 2009, T. 27, n°2, pp. 461-467.
Béatrice Mabilon-Bonfils : the adolescent faced with the controlling relation at school : between secondary adaptations and ordinary arrangements
The article studies the hypothesis that there is a desire for control at the heart of every pedagogical relationship and that the controlling relation, whatever form it may take, represents a true defensive formation, masking the lack reveal by the encounter with the other. Within this scenario, one finds the rules common to every controlling relationship: the instrumentalization of the other and the impossibility, for the latter, of breaking out of the cycle of an exchange in which he gives more than he gets, such rupture being constructed as something unjustifiable, necessitating the use of force, an act of rebellion or violence. How do adolescents remain desiring subjects at school ? How do they escape from the controlling relation ? In the ambivalent relationship that they construct with authority, what strategies do they employ ? This investigation joins philosophical inquiry with a sociological viewpoint.
Adolescence, 2009, T. 27, n°2, pp. 447-459.
Emmanuel Diet : critical perspectives on adolescence, school acculturation and hypermodern politics
In the context of neo-liberalism and the collapse of social meta-frameworks, the disavowal of generational difference provokes a crisis in cultural transmission at school by avoiding the conflictual nature of Oedipal conflicts and attacking psychical and cultural organizers. Adolescent suffering, violence and transgression should be understood as symptoms and consequences of the political idealization of perversion and of regression to the infantile in the socio-historical situation.
Adolescence, 2009, T. 27, n°2, pp. 431-445.
Véronique le Goaziou, Laurent Mucchielli : contribution to the analysis of « violence of minors ». matters handled by the judge for children
This article gives the early findings of research on legal briefs carried out in one jurisdiction belonging to the Paris metropolitan area regarding violent infraction committed by minors. Using dossiers treated by judges for children, the author first proposes a typology of these instances of juvenile violence (« shady » violence, virile violence, neighbor-on-neighbor violence, intra-family violence), with the reminder that more than 80% of these involve people who are known to each other. Then the authors analyze some salient features of these minors’ profile and background: sex and age, family situation, place of residence and school history. In their conclusion, the authors explain that this research reveals instances of low-intensity violence occurring among people who know each other, for very diverse and very classic reasons in adolescence, as a result of conflicts that seem not to be new, but which are increasingly treated as legal issues (judicialized) in our society.
Adolescence, 2009, T. 27, n°2, pp. 415-429.
Denis Salas, Thierry Baranger : does the judge for children still have authority ?
The authors, after describing various modifications of the edict of February 2, 1945 which have profoundly changed the juvenile justice model, analyze the impact of this calling into question.
Adolescence, 2009, T. 27, n°2, pp. 399-413.