The body is central during adolescence. This is exposed in ordal problematics (ordal judgement), pushing as far as flirting with death. The body which is put on play reveals the history of traumatic traces and the remains of having experienced ambiguity. The analysis of these residue-traces highlights the screen of a life-death fantasy that structures and organizes the psychic organisation of these people. The nature of this phantasm is of primal essence and breaks down into two major forms : a phantasm of monoengendrement, a phantasm of returning to the womb.
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DOUVILLE OLIVIER: FROM RITUAL TO ADOLESCENCE TODAY
The rite is an object at the crossroads of the fields of anthropology and psychoanalysis. We will be careful to emphasize what differentiates it from habit or repetition. The rite is a passage and an experience. If it is a rite of passage, then it allows for changes of otherness, and also helps bind the subject to the sexual law and the collective mythology. Adolescence in Western societies, which tends to spread throughout the world, is developing new trends and ways ritualizing as the symbolic frameworks between rite and myth tend to become disjointed. The author raises the question of the psychical functions of rituality in adolescence.
AHOVI JONATHAN, MORO MARIE ROSE: RITES OF PASSAGE AND ADOLESCENCE
Adolescence is often considered as a passage. In every culture, there are ways of setlling and regulating problems of passage from one status to another – among these the status of adolescent – without too much anxiety for novices and already initiated adults. In ours o-called modern societies, which are complex and culturally mixed, there seems to be a greater risk of adolescents getting lost and remain on the margins. We would like to clarify the notion of rites of passage recall their definition and functions using the work of A. Van Gennep.
POTEL CATHERINE: WHEN MEDIATION HELPS CONSTRUCT A « PSYCHOLOGICAL » BODY
A teanager and his body : this article could be entitled that way. In my practice as a psychotherapist using body-oriented mediations (danse, among other means), I deal with the body, gestures, movement. I also deal with psychological construction. After presenting a clinical work realized with a teenager during relaxation or danse, I will offer some theretical and clinical thoughts which underline what the physical work sustains in the construction of the subject.
RENAUD EVRARD : DEATH AND PSYCHIC EXPERIENCES – TEENAGE SOLUTIONS USING PARANORMAL MENTALIZAR
Research clearly demonstrates that many teenagers have interests in paranormal phenomena (both theoretically, and in terms of experiences and practices), something becoming a commonness. The main self-reported motives of teenagers reflect both curiosity and boredom (Mischo, 1991), but can also implies deeper issues including facing death. Spiritist and occult practices can be a modality of exploration of the limits of the symbolic and of the effects of the signifier (Le Maléfan, 2008). This production of death can also appear, paradoxically, as one form of the fantasies of immortality described by Ph. Gutton (1993) in the juvenile time. This fantasy can develop to become a temporary solution to elaborate a bereavement or a trauma. We would try to show, through clinical cases, how the adolescence, thought as a logical time close to borderline states, can subjectivate death, this « absolute master », by « psychic experiences », i.e. related to practices cultivated for more a century by psychic sciences and spiritualism.
JOLY ANNE, DUPONT SEBASTIEN :JULIE AND « MYLORD » : FROM EARLY EMOTIONAL DEPRIVATION TO THE CREATION OF AN IMAGINARY COMPANION IN ADOLESCENCE
The phenomenon of the imaginary companion is well described among children and elderly people, but is rarely evoked in adolescents. Its manifestation at the age of adolescence is often misinterpreted as delirium and a sign of beginning schizophrenia. In this article we present the case of Julie, a seventeen-year-old teenager, in order to illustrate the hypothesis that the imaginary companion can appear within other psychopathologies than those of psychosis and schizophrenia. The young woman uses an imaginary companion she calls « Monseigneur » (« Mylord ») to compensate for an underlying depression. We describe in detail this clinical situation, the different stages of the therapeutic treatment and the psychological evolution of Julie.
CORNALBA VINCENT: LAGADO
The author conceives of the issue of change in language in adolescence as the working of that mutative dimension of which the entire pubertary process is an expression. The destitution which can at any moment seize upon a word attest to the lack which is consubstantial with any language. The research carried out by the adolescent consists of unveiling this signifying lyingwhile assuring himself of the permanence of the register of language. This « work » would be more generally inscribed in that regime of proof of which other people, more than ever, remain the guarantors. It is by the other that the address and its reception would be assured of a kind of permanence, despite the signifying lack.
BERNARD ALIX : AMADOU’S SEPARATIONS
This article recounts individual psychotherapeutic work undertaken with a deaf adolescent, in the specialized institution where he was received, and shows to what extent adolescence can be a violently disorganizing crisis, but also a time when new resources can be mobilized. Separated from his family since the age of four years and ten months on account of his handicap, his entry into puberty brings the issue of this estrangement to the forefront. At this moment, Amadou evokes different versions of the separation, genuine « scènes pubertaires (pubertary scenes) » (Gutton, 1991) in which the childhood event is made present, the violence of this event linking it to the violence of puberty. The crisis he goes through is an opportunity to elaborate the childhood trauma, to find and investigate supports offered by his environment – psychotherapy, the institution, and the family. This case study helps us to reflect more generally upon the Oedipal issues of separation, the visit from his parents at the acme of his crisis having enabled him to get more involved in an adolescens process (Gutton, 1996). This work also provides an opportunity to study the work of anthropologists and psychoanalysts (Emy, 1972, 1988 ; Ortigues, 1966) whose work sheds precious light on the child’s separation from the mother and the family, and on the specific characteristics of the organization of the Oedipus complex in an African milieu.
LE BRETON DAVID: ADOLESCENCE AND THERAPEUTIC TREATMENT
Risk taking behaviours are a way for the teen to fight against it suffering. Resolution are numerous. They include cultural practices such as theatre, music, sport, etc. or encounters. Analytic psychotherapy is worth for the teen that accept this principal. But it involves some adjustment of the setting, and an involvement of the psychotherapist. The quality of relation is as important as the content of the words exchanged.
GUTTON PHILIPPE: PERLABORATING IN THE PSYCHOANALYTIC TREATMENT
When adolescent creativeness is unable to reconstruct the I-Ego taking into account the newness of puberty, the psychoanalyst must invent a specific practice : construction work with which the adolescent can identify. When adolescent creativeness is unshared and unable to be shared, the treatment should offer common ground where a two-person perlaboration can develop, in which the conditions (usually infantile) of the impasse (breakdown) will be imagined together. We will discuss : modes of intervention, particularly their flexibility and their limits ; the difference it makes whether the adolescent brings material to the session or not ; the process in play in the analyst’s constructions (in this case sublimation, which is opposed to the control exercised by the ideal) ; the implicit risk of deconstruction in any imaginary suggestion made by the analyst.