The play of exchange between male and female enacted by the mangas seems to satisfy the fantasy and the anxiety of sexual indistinctness in the adolescent, who is invited by this reading to « undergo a complete mutation while remaining the same »… The thematic of the mangas highlights the major impact of this fantasy of permutation of the sexes through transvestitism, while they seem to us to mask resistances to the sexual choice. The permeability between male and female figures, insisting on enacting an exhibitionism of the feminine, aims more to make the female sex « shine », to the detriment of a modification of the object relation. The adjustment of sexual ambiguity to reality, by reactivating the projective system, seems to settle for a cultural image that is both playful and complex, figuring something of the actuality of the work on sexual differentiation.
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Pascal le Maléfan : spitting in the adolescent, between emission and expression
Spitting is a frequent behavior in adolescence, especially in boys, and it first appears as sign of virility showing itself. But here we will hypothesize that an incompatibility with speech, speech wherein subjectivity is implicated in an « unsaid » way, is found in this very behavior which leads the subject to abandon appearances and show, in order to venture further into speaking that supports seduction and the love relationship as a new position in the world.
Robert Malet : a dermatologist’s viewpoint
The psychosomatic approach is something like the dancer’s split, stretching out to join, on the one hand, the medical approach, whose very foundation is the isolation and objectification of the symptom, and on the other hand, the subject, with his history, his fears and his sometimes complex demands. Using several clinical observations, we will try to show some particularities of this treatment in the adolescent.
Catherine Desprats-Péquignot : from a hole in the throat to imaginary sex organs
The associative speech of a subject in relationship with an interlocutor sometimes gives rise to the classic sex/face equivalence, giving a clinical understanding of the substitutive correspondences between « low » and « high », but also of what this will come to mean for a subject, which is proper to him and unknown to him. Thus the case of Anaïs invites us to consider the correspondences among throat, gaze, eye, female genitalia, all condensed into the generic image of the « hole », in a case where the experience of a tracheotomy offers a fitting support for the expression of her psychical reality and her subjective positions.
Michel Amar : nicolas in psychodrama
Atopical eczema may lead to severe and debilitating diseases. Psychoanalytic psychodrama may help in healing these severe diseases, but mutative psychoanalytic interpretation may be impossible. Narcissistic elements contained in the group may revive the patients’ capacity for feelings and restart a psychical life capable of expressing the representation of his depression.
Robert Letendre, Pierre Doray : experience of pregnancy in adolescence
With the following three questions in mind, 1 – Why do adolescents become pregnant ? 2 – What is an adolescent’s subjective experience of her pregnancy ? and 3 – What function do pregnancy and the fetus play for the expectant adolescent mother ?, the authors conducted semi-directed interviews of 46 pregnant adolescents residing in metropolitan Montreal. Qualitative analysis revealed three principal functions of adolescent pregnancy : 1 – To repair the past and to have a better life ; 2 – To be adult and autonomous, or ; 3 – To intensify dependence on the family circle. Across these three independent groupings, notable psychological differences were found in subjective representation of the expected baby, self-image, lability, and the expectant mother’s relationships with her parents.
Daniel Marcelli : pregnancy : a painful interference in adolescent sexuality
When pregnancy occurs in adolescence, it is most often attributed to an « accident », and the medical-social response is to provide better information about contraception. But when we look closer, we often see a logic other than that of accident: adolescent girls who express, when they are permitted to speak, a desire for pregnancy or for a child. Why is an adolescent girl sometimes invaded by this desire, to the point of not being able to put if off even for a short time, and why is she ready to sacrifice a part of her adolescence to it ?
Pregnancy appears as an imperious demand for an immediate response to the questions that every adolescent girl ask herself about her potential fertility, or as the instant search to fill up an old lack : to have a baby in one’s arms.
Viewing a teenage pregnancy merely as the result of accident or of destiny singularly reduces the meaning of such an event. In particular, it is a misunderstanding of the adolescent’s suffering, of how difficult it is for the young girl to take care of herself, to take care of her body, to handle the psychical tensions inherent to sexuality, and to tolerate waiting.
Jacques Goldberg, Philippe Givre : subjectivations in adolescence
As an approach to the work of adolescence, the notion of subjectivation involves an investigation into the specificity of the subject in question and the stakes of a process which will be drawn from an examination of three works. We will therefore have to revisit the singularity of these three original approaches to the processes of subjectivation: subject of the flesh and « first unconscious » (Cahn) ; oscillation between hysteric-depressive and basic melancholy (Richard) ; work on the active-passive turnabout and access to « letting oneself be done to by the signifiers » (Penot). The accent will be on the central function of the reality of the sexually differentiated body, which seems in some respects to be underestimated by these authors (first part of the article published in the previous issue). In the second step, and in the second part of the article (published here), the options that we have chosen will lead to us to examine the subject’s relationship with its real « potentials », which constitute it as a social and cultural subject, as well as the work of auto-creation and that of sublimation(s), understood to be essential to the loosening of the drives. If the subject in question is an ego-subject, this will result in a confrontation of two intentionalities within the clinical approaches : one having to do with the ego (functional and narrative) and the other with the subject (divided and confronted with castration.)
Stéphanie Tyrode-Frémont : violence in adolescence : reflections on the conceptual developments of F. Marty and their evolution
In his work on the question of the violence of adolescence, François Marty has helped to define the specificity of adolescence in relation to childhood.
Joined to the very process of adolescence, the “ illegitimate violence ” of adolescence has first of all been defined as the fruit of incestuous and parricidal motivations that have been insufficiently elaborated by the adolescens… Understood afterwards as the inauguration of a “ pubertaire trauma ” constituting the second phase of a “ generalized trauma ” inherent to human development, the specific stages of its elaboration have been detected. The quality of the narcissistic foundations emerged as determinant in the fulfillment of the “ narcissistic transactions ” of the pubertaire trauma.
Since the process of adolescence is specific, the therapeutic work is : for Marty, the therapist had better assume the role of “ ferryman ”, and establish, whenever possible and desirable, an “ enlarged” and “ flexible ” setting which allows for the inclusion of the family dimension in the work with adolescents.
Stéphane Proïa : disavowal of the feminine and voluntary servitude in female gymnastics
Commercial exploitation of high-level sports added to its ideological role seems to have induced a sort of angelic group blindness. However, the dangers brought on by the worship of organized performance and by the logic of rational productivity are now damaging an ever-younger population. In some sports, anorexic behavior among young athletes has become the norm. The aim of this article is to contribute to the identification of vulnerability factors, whether they be individual (dispositional factors) or context-linked (situational factors), which induce fatal behavior in the adolescent gymnast.
As virile ideology dominates in sporting environments, the refusal of all that is feminine constitutes a crucial paradigm in the drive evolution of the adolescent and her relational environment.