What today, adolescents think of Politics? Being involved, how do they feel political violence? Do they link Politics and trauma ? Onwards a rather antropological general questioning, study and interpretation should go beyond phenomenological points of view as regard to sociological facts, so go back, in a psychoanalytical way, to the individual trauma as a psychic question, linked with history and contexts, generation and transmission, belongingness and fililation.
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Olivier Ouvry : adolescence and genocide
The frequency of military engagement of adolescents in genocide raises the question of a possible parallel between the processes involved in war and those mobilized in adolescence. This leads to the question of the possible resonance between individual psychical processes and social processes, along the lines of what Freud introduced in Civilization and Its Discontents. Here the intersection of processes would occur around the act as a substitute for a failure of trans-generational transmission in childhood, either within the family or within the social milieu.
Michel Grappe : adolescents and pre-adolescents exposed to war
The author studies the psycho-social consequences of war : psycho-traumatic suffering, resilience and hyper-maturity. Several clinical illustrations raise the question of what future awaits these adolescents and what help may be given to them.
Philippe Bessoles : état post-traumatique et facteurs de résilience
The notion of resiliency appears heuristic about post traumatic pathologies studies. Borrowed to physical sciences epistemology as resistance of metal about shocks, we propose to think resiliency process in clinical psychopathology as psychics organiser able to promote the representation of traumatism.
The resiliency capacity apprehends in logical of psychic economy placed at the convergence of objectal investments, primary psychics envelopment’s and psychosensorial inscription of traumatic experience.
The promotion of sensorial organisation perenity seems the basal form of resiliency process before his fantasmatic scene. The psychic trauma may be thought as an equivalent of original scene where the suffering is not enough the sign of aneantissement but the reparation of formal envelopes of bind objet/subject. The caducity of traumatic experiment supplants real excess, which sudden stroke the victim person. These necessary passage of sensibility translate a lestage of psychic crossing previous to a work of the thinking of traumatism.
Philippe Gutton : turning around and reversal
The reversal into the opposite and the turning round upon oneself are the basic archaic mechanisms of subjectivation, particularly of the pubertaire. It works with material that Green has summed up under the name “ passivation ”. A human third party is required for this. Clinical treatment of the “ adolescent-soldier ” provides a paradigm for the organization in which, in the absence of the third party, the traumatic bi-polarity (victim-tormentor, abused, abuser) repeats itself unchanged.
Michel Audisio : infringements. war. trauma. dreams. becoming of identification stakes
This is a current say today : adolescents meet violence, act it, and the institutions they pass through are similarly involved ; On all scenes, bringing into war can be seen, facts accumulating altogether on social, political, family and cultural scenes, as well on internal psychic scenes whether individual, groupal or institutionalized. Many of these war scenes are the effects of transgressions, in speech as in act, now begining to be inscribed in social life and institutions. Social corruption, dislocation of social links, abscence of Politics, juridical compromizing, alliances between sciences and politics can be observed in generalization. What then could be a possible response, both institutional and cultural ? By which means could Politics come back ? Who should be the actors for it ? How would dreaming be again a structuring way ?
Lisa Ouss-Ryngaert, Karine le Roch : alma’s wounds : psychical trauma, war wound, psychotic reorganization
Issues of trauma, adolescence and the onset of psychosis are brought together with reference to the case of Alma in Bosnia. The question of the impact of the somatic wound in the midst of these problems is also raised, followed by a discussion of therapeutic treatments.
Maja Perret-Catipovic : contribution of psychoanalytic treatment to adolescent war victims
Can clinical psychoanalysis be useful in helping adolescent war victims ? What remains of the specificity of adolescence after serious trauma ? The author attempts to answer these questions by means of three clinical examples of adolescents whose psychical functioning was seriously compromised by traumatic experiences during the war in Bosnia.
Dominique Agostini : mars’ war and the petrified ego
This article, focusing on the issue of the adolescens process held prisoner by the bellicose mentality secreted by/secreting war, argues that the reversal of values inherent to this mentality imply deep splits between parts, especially adult and infantile, and masculine and feminine. Splitting which, as the cases of Marcel and Roch illustrate, sacrifice the the young warrior’s adolescens process upon the phallic altar.
The author pinpoints the weapon, the enemy, and the uniform as signs and basic ingredients both of Mars’ craft and of the bellicose mentality. He envisions the work of separating from the bellicose mentality in relation to the passage from weapon to tool : a passage which opens onto the values of strength, creativity and beauty that war has replaced with horror and violence – a reversal of values. For Roch and Marcel, the re-establishment of these values, corresponding to the transformation of terrors into narratives, dreams and fantasies, occurs through their experimentation of an adolescence that has been petrified until now.
Serge Lesourd, Eric Bidaud : a child warlord : the “ real-ization ” of the murder of the father
From their work with an adolescent caught up in the violence of inter-ethnic strife, who became a warrior at the age of ten after his family was murdered by the other clan, the authors examine the enactment in reality of the murder of the father and its effects on the subject’s place within the social bond, leading in to the issues raised by the violence of today’s youths as a “ real-ization ” of the murder of the father.